Python itertools

'''
Created on Aug 3, 2013

@author: tunatore
'''

#python itertools examples
#Functions creating iterators for efficient looping
#refer to http://python.readthedocs.org/en/v2.7.2/library/itertools.html

from itertools import *

#count
#counter starting from 1 to infinite
for i in count(1):
print (i, " ",  end="")
if (i==15):
break
#1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  10  11  12  13  14  15
print ("\n")

#counter starting from 1 (increment with 5) to infinite
for i in count(1,5):
print (i, " ",  end="")
if (i>=50):
break
#1  6  11  16  21  26  31  36  41  46  51

print ("\n")

#cycle
c = cycle("TUNA")
for i in range(12):
print (next(c), end="")

#TUNATUNATUNATUNATUNATUNA

print ("\n")

#repeat
for i in repeat('python', 4):
print (i, end="")

#pythonpythonpythonpython

#chain
print ("\n")
list1 = ['Test1','Goose','Bison','Pelican']
list2 = ['Cat','Dog','Elephant','Bird','Tiger','Lion','Rabbit']
print ([i for i in chain(list1,list2)],"\n")
#['Test1', 'Goose', 'Bison', 'Pelican', 'Cat', 'Dog', 'Elephant', 'Bird', 'Tiger', 'Lion', 'Rabbit']

#compress
print ([i for i in compress('TUNATORE', [1,1,1,1,False,False,False,0])],"\n")
#['T', 'U', 'N', 'A']
#or
print ([i for i in compress('TUNATORE', [0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1])],"\n")
#['T', 'O', 'R', 'E']

#dropwhile (starts when prediction fails)
print ([i for i in dropwhile(lambda z: z>3, [9,5,6,7,2,1,4,5,6])],"\n")
#[2, 1, 4, 5, 6]

#takewhile (starts when as long as prediction true)
print ([i for i in takewhile(lambda z: z>6, [9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1])],"\n")
#[9, 8, 7]

#filterfalse (z>3 false items will return)
print ([i for i in filterfalse(lambda z: z>3, [9,5,6,7,2,1,4,5,6])],"\n")
#[2, 1]
#or
#filterfalse (z>3 false items will return)
print ([i for i in filterfalse(lambda z: z<3, [9,5,6,7,2,1,4,5,6])],"\n")
#[9, 5, 6, 7, 4, 5, 6]

#isslice
print([i for i in islice('tuna',2)],"\n")
#['t', 'u']
print([i for i in islice('tuna',2,3)],"\n")
#['n']
print([i for i in islice('tuna',0,None)],"\n")
#['t', 'u', 'n', 'a']

#zip_longest
print([i for i in zip_longest('tntr','uaoe',fillvalue='')],"\n")
#[('t', 'u'), ('n', 'a'), ('t', 'o'), ('r', 'e')]

#product for cartesian
print([i for i in product('tuna','tore')],"\n")
#[('t', 't'), ('t', 'o'), ('t', 'r'), ('t', 'e'), ('u', 't'), ('u', 'o'), ('u', 'r'), ('u', 'e'), ('n', 't'),
#('n', 'o'), ('n', 'r'), ('n', 'e'), ('a', 't'), ('a', 'o'), ('a', 'r'), ('a', 'e')]

#permutations
print([i for i in permutations('tuna',4)],"\n")
#[('t', 'u', 'n', 'a'), ('t', 'u', 'a', 'n'), ('t', 'n', 'u', 'a'), ('t', 'n', 'a', 'u'), ('t', 'a', 'u', 'n'),
# ('t', 'a', 'n', 'u'), ('u', 't', 'n', 'a'), ('u', 't', 'a', 'n'), ('u', 'n', 't', 'a'), ('u', 'n', 'a', 't'),
#('u', 'a', 't', 'n'), ('u', 'a', 'n', 't'), ('n', 't', 'u', 'a'), ('n', 't', 'a', 'u'), ('n', 'u', 't', 'a'),
#('n', 'u', 'a', 't'), ('n', 'a', 't', 'u'), ('n', 'a', 'u', 't'), ('a', 't', 'u', 'n'), ('a', 't', 'n', 'u'),
#('a', 'u', 't', 'n'), ('a', 'u', 'n', 't'), ('a', 'n', 't', 'u'), ('a', 'n', 'u', 't')]

#groupby
#useful itemgetter import
from operator import itemgetter

salesByDay =  [('20130101', 35), ('20130101', 25) ,('20130102', 35), ('20130101', 40), ('20130103', 66) ,('20130103', 66), ('20130102', 44)]

#keys have to be sorted
sortedSalesByDay = sorted(salesByDay, key=itemgetter(0))
for key, values in groupby(sortedSalesByDay, itemgetter(0)):
print ("Day:",key)
for value in values:
print ("Value ",value[1])

# Day: 20130101
# Value  35
# Value  25
# Value  40
# Day: 20130102
# Value  35
# Value  44
# Day: 20130103
# Value  66
# Value  66